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Cotton is a soft, fluffy short fiber that grows in a protective capsule around Boll or seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The plant is a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including North and South America, Africa, India and Pakistan. The fiber is most often turned into yarn or son and used to make a soft, breathable textile, which is the fabric of natural fibers the most widely used in clothing today. The English name comes from the Arabic, which began to be used around 1400.The purpose botanical cotton fibers that aid in seed dispersal.

Cotton HISTORY

According to the Encyclopedia and nutrition, discovered the first cotton so far in America took place in Mexico about 8,000 years. Species of origin was, as is currently the most widely planted species of cotton in the world, representing approximately 89.9% of world production. The greatest diversity of wild species of cotton found in Mexico, followed by Australia and Africa.

Cotton was first cultivated in the ancient world 7000 years ago (5 th millennium BC4th millennium BC, the inhabitants of the Indus Civilization, which covered a huge bus in the north-west of the Indian subcontinent, where today in parts of Pakistan and north-eastern West India. Indus Valley cotton industry was well developed, and some methods of cotton spinning and manufacturing continued to be used before modern industrialization in India. Long before the Christian era, the use of cotton fabrics spread from India to the Mediterranean and beyond.

The Greeks and the Arabs were apparently unaware of the cotton up to the war by Alexander the Great, as his contemporaries Megasthenes Seleucus Nicator I am told "there are trees that grow in the" in "Indigo."

According to the Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition:

"The cotton is spun, woven and dyed since prehistoric times. And 'the people dressed in ancient India, Egypt and China. Hundreds of years before the Christian era cotton textiles were woven in India without prior skills and their use spread to Mediterranean countries. ' Arab traders brought fine muslin S and calico to Italy and Spain. Mori started growing cotton in Spain, in the 9 th century. Fustians dimities and was woven in there, and the 14-century Venice and Milan, the warp linen first. small cotton cloth was imported to England before the 15 th century, although small amounts were mainly for wicks. the 17 th century, East India Company was bringing rare fabrics from India. Native Americans skillfully spun and dressed in fine cotton fabric and dyed tapestries. cotton fabrics found in Peruvian tombs are said to belong to before the Inca culture. "

In Iran, dates, history of cotton back to the Achaemenid period (fifth century BC), but there are few sources on the cotton plantation in the pre-Islamic Iran. The planting of cotton were common to Merv, Ray and Pars in Iran. In poems of Persian poets, especially Ferdowsi Name Shah, there are numerous references to cotton ("Panba" in Persian). Marco Polo (13th century) refers to the main products of Persia, including cotton. John Chardin , a famous French traveler in the 17th century, who had visited the Safavid Persia, approved the huge cotton farms of Persia.

In Peru, the cotton species Gossypium barbadense native backbone in the development of coastal cultures such as the Norte Chico, Moche and Nazca. Cotton was grown in upstream, made into nets and traded with fishing villages along the coast for supplies of fish. The Spaniard, who came to Mexico in the early 16th century, found the people growing cotton and wearing clothing made.

At the end of the medieval period, cotton became known as the fiber imported from northern Europe, without any knowledge of how it originated, other than that it was a plant, given its similarities to wool, residents could only imagine that the Cotton is the birth of plants is responsible for the sheep. John Mandeville, writing in 1350, stated as a fact now I think absurd: "There grew there [Italy] a wonderful tree which bore the sheep Endesa its branches are so flexible that these branches were bent so that the lambs to feed when Hungria.. 'This is maintained in the name of the cotton in many European languages, such as cotton German, which translates as "tree wool" by the end of 16 century, the cotton is grown in warm regions of Asia and the Americas .

 

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